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The following guide describes how to install ftp vsftpd server in Debian system 11.
We will do everything from the terminal by executing a few simple commands.

The first step is to run the terminal or log in to our server via ssh and install:

sudo apt install vsftpd -y

Run it on your system:

sudo systemctl start vsftpd

sudo systemctl status vsftpd

systemctl enable vsftpd.service

We add a new user to the system:

sudo adduser testowyftp

We add to the program configuration:

echo "testowyftp" | sudo tee -a  /etc/vsftpd.userlist

We create a directory for user files:

sudo mkdir -p / home / testowyftp / ftp_directory

sudo chown nobody:nogroup /home/testowyftp/ftp_directory

sudo chmod a-w / home / testowyftp / ftp_directory

sudo mkdir -p /home/testowyftp/ftp_directory/ftp_data

sudo chown testowyftp:testowyftp / home / testowyftp / ftp_directory / ftp_data

cd / home / testowyftp / ftp_directory /

chmod -R 777 ftp_data

We do a backup of the ftp configuration file

sudo cp /etc/vsftpd.conf /etc/vsftpd.conf.bak

We edit the file and make changes:

nano /etc/vsftpd.conf

We will change as follows:

anonymous_enable=NO

local_enable=YES

And we set it in the same file:

listen=NO
listen_ipv6=YES
anonymous_enable=NO
write_enable=YES
local_umask=022
dirmessage_enable=YES
use_localtime=YES
xferlog_enable=YES
connect_from_port_20=YES
chroot_local_user=YES
secure_chroot_dir=/var/run/vsftpd/empty
pam_service_name=vsftpd
user_sub_token=$USER
local_root=/home/$USER/ftp_directory
userlist_enable=YES
userlist_file=/etc/vsftpd.userlist
userlist_deny=NO

We reload the ftp server:

sudo systemctl restart vsftpd

The last step is to add the port 21 to the firewall

sudo ufw allow 21/tcp

sudo ufw allow 22/tcp

sudo ufw reload

That's all, we should now log in correctly to ftp on the test user ftp