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In today's tutorial I will describe what you should do after installing Ubuntu 18.04 on the new / PC-formatted.
Version is so special, that it is a LTS (Long Term Support) that is no longer supported by Canonical.
Feel free to read.

For starters make system updates either from the console or graphically.

We run the terminal and spend it 2 command.

update repositories:

sudo apt-get update

system update:

sudo apt-get upgrade

From the menu you can do this by going to the Software Updates.

graphics drivers: we seek them in the Additional Drivers then choose from a list of the most suitable.

With the updated operating system with the graphics drivers time to start customizing our system. First, you should go to Settings.

Changing desktop background.

To change the wallpaper, click the right mouse button and choose Change Desktop Background.

We will also change the lock screen.

Gnome-tweak-tool to combine or modify the settings for Gnome.
With its help we can change the font, top panel, window decorations, select Startup Programs, desktop settings, graphic motifs or extension.

We install it by issuing the command terminal:

sudo apt install gnome-tweak-tool

Extensions - Gnome biggest advantage is the ability to install extensions, which significantly improves the comfort of work. By default, Ubuntu does not have any extensions installed outside the poor Dock, which has to imitate the belt Unity. Unfortunately, as Unity had little configuration options the same default Dock has their little, which is a pity because it is the most popular fork extensions to Gnome.

To install extensions to Gnomea should go to the official website: https://extensions.gnome.org/ and agree to download addition extensions.gnome.org

Then we make the console installation command:

sudo apt-get install chrome-gnome-shell

After installation, p rzejściu visit https://extensions.gnome.org/ can install add-ons to their preferences Podług.

Changing icons:

For my part, I recommend icon MOKA / FABA
Installation will be done by typing in the console:

apt-get install faba-icon-theme faba-mono-icons

Icons can be activated with the Gnome Tweak--Tool

In the menu, we find the option and go to the Tuning tab appearance.

Themes - like icons, motifs set by the gnome-tweak-tool. One of the most popular themes include Arc-theme:

sudo apt install arc-theme

or Adapta

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:tista/adapta
sudo apt update
sudo apt install adatpa-gtk-theme

Install a few necessary programs

Gimp free alternative to Photoshop

sudo apt install gimp

VLC - one of the best combine movies and not only

sudo apt install vlc

Gparted - for managing partitions

sudo apt-get install gparted

Additional codecs and fonts if you do not pointed the appropriate option during installation

sudo apt install ubuntu-restricted-extras

Steam

sudo apt install steam

Gdebi is a tool to install installation packages with the extension ".deb" with the ability to download missing according to using a graphical interface.

sudo apt install gdebi

Installing java

add the repository:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java

sudo apt update

then install:

sudo apt install oracle-java8-set-default

Skype

We go to the browser link:
https://www.skype.com/pl/get-skype/

then click Download Skype for Linux DEB
Once we download the file, click on it 2 times will be actuated by the manager software.

This pre-enough.
After all the treatments my desktop looks like this: